The Alabama Cooperative Extension System and Auburn University are leading the state's response, mobilizing researchers, field agents, and entomologists to track the pest’s spread. Confirmed sightings are increasing daily, with the pest now observed in commercial fields across several counties.
Identification remains a challenge for growers unfamiliar with the species. Adult jassids are small—roughly the size of a dime—and lack the orange lines commonly seen on native leafhoppers. Instead, they display two black spots on each wing, making careful visual inspection critical.
Jassid feeding activity primarily targets the underside of cotton leaves, particularly the petiole. This leads to a condition known as hopperburn, which mimics nutrient deficiencies. Stressed leaves often turn yellow, red, or brown and may curl or pucker—symptoms that, without further inspection, could delay treatment.
Scott Graham, Alabama Extension cotton entomologist and assistant professor at Auburn, stated: “For the moment, the insecticides dicrotophos, thiamethoxam and sulfloxaflor have consistently provided good control in our trials. That said, we strongly encourage Alabama producers to approach with clarity by following label recommendations and slow application to ensure maximum results. By guiding proper application, we aim help producers avoid the pitfalls of overusing insecticides.”
The current treatment threshold is one to two immature jassid nymphs per leaf. This benchmark helps guide intervention decisions and reduces unnecessary pesticide use. Researchers are reminding producers to follow label guidance closely to prevent resistance and environmental risks.
The Alabama Department of Agriculture and Industries has also developed a coordinated action plan. Starting this fall, the agency will begin large-scale defoliation surveys across multiple counties, aimed at mapping the pest's presence and gathering real-time data on field-level impact. These surveys are expected to cover hundreds of acres and will inform extension recommendations heading into the next growing season.
Beyond Alabama, the pest has already established itself in Georgia, Florida, and South Carolina, with earlier sightings in Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands. Given the jassid’s ability to travel via wind, plant materials, and even vehicles, containment remains a major challenge.
Producers, retailers, and nursery operators are encouraged to inspect plant materials closely and report any suspected sightings to Alabama Extension or the state Department of Agriculture. Even small actions—like checking nursery stock before sale—can play a role in slowing the pest’s spread.
